一、概述

当VMware vSphere基础架构搭建好后，如何把现有跑在物理机上的应用迁移到虚拟机上呢？这就需要请出VMware vCenter Converter这个工具，此工具可以实现P2V（物理机在线或离线迁移到虚拟机）、V2V（VMware各虚拟机产品之间或和hyper-V之间的转换），以及把第三方的备份镜像迁移入虚拟机，功能那是相当的强大，本文就此产品做一简单介绍。

二、VMware vCenter Converter版本及组成

1、版本

vCenter Converter分Enterprise和Standalone 2个版本，前者属于vSphere Enterprise授权，后者是免费版；2者功能上几乎相同，前者安装后所有操作界面集成在vCenter中，后者则是单独的操作界面；Enterprise最新为4.2版本，而Standalone为4.3版本，后者支持迁移最新的Windows Server 2008 R2和windows 7
vCenter Converter Enterprise版还有一个可引导的光盘版，用于离线冷迁移使用，最新版本为4.1.1；
vCenter Converter Enterprise安装文件集成在vCenter安装包里，Standalone可在官方免费下载；

2、组成

vCenter Converter安装包主要分以下3个组件：

vCenter Converter服务器端：实现整个迁移过程的核心组件，执行虚拟机格式装换和重新配置等关键任务；
vCenter Converter客户端：用户操作界面，用于连接服务器端执行相关任务；
vCenter Converter Agent：在迁移过程中安装在源机器上，用于数据抓取和传送，迁移结束后会自动卸载；

三、vCenter Converter安装，配置
本文只介绍Enterprise版的安装、配置，Standalone安装和使用较简单，此处不写了。vCenter Converter服务器端可以安装在独立服务器上，也可以和vCenter安装在一台上，客户端需要和vSphere Client安装在一台上；下面开始安装截图：

1、先安装服务器端，双击vCenter Converter安装包
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下一步

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保持默认安装路径，下一步

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提供vCenter的主机名或地址，并输入连接使用的用户（如果不知道此用户分配什么权限，则使用VC管理员）

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提示vCenter证书不可信，点击“是”继续
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默认vCenter Converter客户端使用443端口与服务器端通信，下一步
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下一步

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开始安装
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完成服务器端安装，不必重启系统

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2、安装vCenter Converter客户端

vConverter客户端属于vCenter插件，可在vSphere Client界面下安装并加载

登录vSphere Client，点击“插件”-“管理插件”
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在可用插件下可以看到vConverter插件，点击“下载并安装”

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下载完毕，系统自动开始安装，下一步

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点击开始安装

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完成安装

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在插件管理器中查看到vConverter状态为启用，说明安装成功且状态正常

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右击群集或ESX主机，已经查看到多出一个“导入计算机“菜单选项
注：在没有安装客户端插件前，是没有此选项的；且此插件与vSphere Client关联，更换登录的计算机需要重新执行此安装过程。

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四、通过vCenter Converter迁移物理机

通过Converter可以把物理机、VMware其他产品生成的虚拟机、hyper-v虚拟机、备份镜像等迁移到vSphere环境中，具体支持的源类型以及支持Guest OS类型可参考官方文档；本文以常用的迁移Windwos Server 2003物理机演示一下整个过程；

如上图，点击”导入计算机”，开启Converter向导，选择源类型为“已启动的机器”

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输入物理机的IP地址、管理员账户、密码，选择操作系统类型为“Windows”，点击“查看源详细信息”以确认是否可以连接到源计算机并安装Converter Agent；

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保持自动卸载代理，点击“是”继续

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如果一切正常，那么应该可以查看到源计算机详细信息

注：此处vConverter使用WMI连接源物理机并在其上安装Agent，所以一定要保证禁用Windows防火墙或开启文件和打印共享，否则可能连接失败；

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返回“导入计算机”向导，下一步；输入虚拟机名字（默认使用源计算机主机名），选择数据存储位置及虚拟机版本，下一步
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点击设定各项转换参数，请按需求设定；比如下图，修改转换后的分区大小（默认与源分区大小相同），以及虚拟磁盘类型（常规厚模式还是精简模式）；下一步

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注：请在“高级选项”中保持“重新配置虚拟机”选项，此步骤可以删除源物理机驱动，并在迁移到虚拟机后加载VMware相关驱动；如果此步骤没有进行，则迁移后虚拟机可能无法启动。

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再次确认各项转换参数，点击“完成”开始迁移

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在vSphere Client中查看迁移进度，如下图：

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当迁移完成后，请先把源物理机关机再启动转换好的虚拟机，以免主机名和IP地址冲突，之后为此虚拟机安装VMware Tools；到此整个P2V过程就结束了。